diff --git a/include/Cubed/gameplay/client_world.hpp b/include/Cubed/gameplay/client_world.hpp
index 7cb1fb9..2ec0596 100644
--- a/include/Cubed/gameplay/client_world.hpp
+++ b/include/Cubed/gameplay/client_world.hpp
@@ -105,6 +105,12 @@ public:
     }
 
 private:
+    std::atomic<bool> m_is_pending_delete_queue_free{false};
+    std::mutex m_delete_vbo_mutex;
+    std::mutex m_delete_vao_mutex;
+    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<VertexBuffer>> m_pending_delete_vbo;
+    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<VertexArray>> m_pending_delete_vao;
+
     enum class ChunkLoadStyle { RANDOM, CENTER };
     using ChunkHashMap =
         tbb::concurrent_hash_map<ChunkPos, std::shared_ptr<ClientChunk>,
@@ -130,15 +136,11 @@ private:
     std::vector<glm::vec4> m_planes;
     std::jthread m_client_thread;
 
-    std::mutex m_delete_vbo_mutex;
-    std::mutex m_delete_vao_mutex;
     mutable std::shared_mutex m_player_info_mutex;
 
     tbb::concurrent_queue<std::unique_ptr<ClientChunk>> m_pending_upload_queue;
     tbb::concurrent_queue<ChunkPos> m_dirty_chunk_queue;
     tbb::concurrent_queue<PendingSound> m_pending_sound;
-    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<VertexBuffer>> m_pending_delete_vbo;
-    std::vector<std::unique_ptr<VertexArray>> m_pending_delete_vao;
 
     std::deque<ChunkPos> m_dirty_queue;
     std::vector<const ChunkRenderSnapshot*> m_render_snapshots;
diff --git a/src/gameplay/client_world.cpp b/src/gameplay/client_world.cpp
index f364b3c..d44e5de 100644
--- a/src/gameplay/client_world.cpp
+++ b/src/gameplay/client_world.cpp
@@ -25,11 +25,22 @@ ClientWorld::ClientWorld(AudioEngine& auido, Config& config)
     : m_player(*this), m_audio(auido), m_config(config) {}
 
 ClientWorld::~ClientWorld() {
+    m_client->close();
+
     stop_client_thread();
     stop_thread_pool();
+    // Must first clean up and push the generated chunk data into
+    // m_pending_delete_vbo and m_pending_delete_vao; cannot delete them in the
+    // destructor, otherwise it will cause leaks and use-after-free.
+    m_dirty_chunk_queue.clear();
+    m_pending_upload_queue.clear();
 
     m_chunks.clear();
 
+    if (m_is_pending_delete_queue_free.exchange(true)) {
+        return;
+    }
+
     {
         std::lock_guard lk(m_delete_vbo_mutex);
         m_pending_delete_vbo.clear();
@@ -262,10 +273,18 @@ void ClientWorld::set_block(const glm::ivec3& block_pos, unsigned id) {
     }
 }
 void ClientWorld::push_delete_vbo(std::unique_ptr<VertexBuffer>& vbo) {
+    if (m_is_pending_delete_queue_free) {
+        Logger::error("Push delete vbo Use After Free");
+        return;
+    }
     std::lock_guard lk(m_delete_vbo_mutex);
     m_pending_delete_vbo.push_back(std::move(vbo));
 }
 void ClientWorld::push_delete_vao(std::unique_ptr<VertexArray>& vao) {
+    if (m_is_pending_delete_queue_free) {
+        Logger::error("Push delete vao Use After Free");
+        return;
+    }
     std::lock_guard lk(m_delete_vao_mutex);
     m_pending_delete_vao.push_back(std::move(vao));
 }